STUDY MATERIAL · GATE EC · EE · IN
GATE Engineering Mathematics: questions and notes
Engineering Mathematics questions from 21 GATE papers (2018–2026) with the official answers, 188 of 190 solved step by step, plus notes for each topic, a formula sheet and practice questions.
- previous-year questions
- 190previous-year questions
- solved step by step
- 188solved step by step
- GATE papers, 2018–2026
- 21GATE papers, 2018–2026
- topics with notes
- 7topics with notes
TOPICS
Seven topics, in the order they are taught
Taken from the official GATE 2027 syllabus. Each topic has notes, the formulas you need, its previous-year questions with the official answers, most of them solved step by step, and practice questions.
Linear algebra
Linear algebra is the study of matrices, the systems of linear equations they encode and the vector spaces they act on.
46 previous-year questions · 62 marks · 6 practice questions
Calculus: limits, mean value theorems, integrals, maxima and minima, series
Calculus covers limits and continuity, the mean value theorems, Taylor series, definite and improper integrals, partial derivatives, maxima and minima of functions of one and two variables, multiple integrals and (for EE) Fourier series.
39 previous-year questions · 63 marks · 7 practice questions
Vector calculus: gradient, divergence, curl and the integral theorems
Vector calculus extends differentiation and integration to fields: the gradient of a scalar field and the divergence and curl of a vector field measure how a field changes from point to point, and the theorems of Green, Stokes and Gauss convert line, surface and volume integrals into one another.
23 previous-year questions · 38 marks · 7 practice questions
Differential equations
A differential equation relates an unknown function to its derivatives.
19 previous-year questions · 29 marks · 6 practice questions
Complex analysis
Complex analysis is the calculus of functions of a complex variable z = x + jy: which functions are differentiable throughout a region (analytic, tested with the Cauchy-Riemann equations), and what that analyticity gives for integration and series.
24 previous-year questions · 35 marks · 6 practice questions
Probability and statistics
Probability and statistics is the mathematics of uncertainty: counting outcomes, assigning and updating probabilities, describing random quantities by their distributions, and summarising data by its centre, spread and correlation.
33 previous-year questions · 50 marks · 5 practice questions
- GATE IN only
Numerical methods
Numerical methods replace an exact closed-form answer with a finite, repeatable calculation: an iteration that closes in on the solution of a linear system or on a root of f(x) = 0, a weighted sum of function values that approximates an integral, a step-by-step march along the solution of a differential equation, and a least-squares fit to data.
6 previous-year questions · 8 marks · 6 practice questions
QUESTIONS BY TOPIC AND YEAR
190 questions, by topic and year
How many questions each topic had in the EC, EE and IN papers of each year. This shows what was asked, not what will be asked. We placed each question under a topic ourselves; the exam paper does not label topics. Every question links back to its paper.
| Topic | 2018 | 2020 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linear algebra | 6 | 5 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 46 |
| Calculus | 8 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 39 |
| Vector calculus | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 23 |
| Differential equations | 2 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 19 |
| Complex analysis | 4 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 24 |
| Probability & statistics | 4 | 4 | 4 | 7 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 33 |
| Numerical methods (IN) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | · | 6 |
GATE ECE question papers with solutions: 2026, 2025, 2024, 2023, 2022, 2020, 2018
GATE EE question papers with solutions: 2026, 2025, 2024, 2023, 2022, 2020, 2018
GATE IN question papers with solutions: 2026, 2025, 2024, 2023, 2022, 2020, 2018
The 2019 and 2021 papers are not included yet: the copies we host are image scans without the official key.
Engineering Mathematics formulas by topic
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THE OFFICIAL SYLLABUS
What each paper lists under Engineering Mathematics
From the GATE 2027 syllabus PDFs, where Engineering Mathematics is Section 1 of every paper. The three papers group it differently: EC puts vector calculus under its own heading, Vector Analysis; EE and IN list it inside Calculus. Only IN lists Numerical Methods, so that topic is marked IN only. EE names Gauss-Seidel and Newton-Raphson only as load-flow methods, in Power Systems. Earlier EE papers set numerical-methods questions (a Newton-Raphson step in 2018, a numerical solution of a differential equation in 2023), and we placed them under it.
GATE EC
Linear Algebra: Vector space, basis, linear dependence and independence, matrix algebra, eigen values and eigen vectors, rank, solution of linear equations - existence and uniqueness. Calculus: Mean value theorems, theorems of integral calculus, evaluation of definite and improper integrals, partial derivatives, maxima and minima, multiple integrals, line, surface and volume integrals, Taylor series. Differential Equations: Linear differential equations, Euler-Cauchy equation, Nonhomogeneous equations, methods of solution using variation of parameters, complementary function and particular integral, partial differential equations, variable separable method, initial and boundary value problems. Vector Analysis: Vectors in plane and space, vector operations, gradient, divergence and curl, Gauss's, Green's and Stokes’ theorems. Complex Analysis: Analytic functions, Cauchy’s integral theorem, Cauchy’s integral formula, sequences, series, convergence tests, Taylor and Laurent series, residue theorem. Probability and Statistics: Mean, median, mode, standard deviation, combinatorial probability, probability distributions, binomial distribution, Poisson distribution, exponential distribution, normal distribution, joint and conditional probability, correlation and regression analysis.
GATE EE
Linear Algebra: Matrix Algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values, Eigen vectors. Calculus: Mean value theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, Evaluation of definite and improper integrals, Partial Derivatives, Maxima and minima, Multiple integrals, Fourier series, Vector identities, Directional derivatives, Line integral, Surface integral, Volume integral, Stokes’s theorem, Gauss’s theorem, Divergence theorem, Green’s theorem. Differential Equations: First order equations (linear and nonlinear), Higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, Method of variation of parameters, Cauchy’s equation, Euler’s equation, Initial and boundary value problems, Partial Differential Equations, Method of separation of variables. Complex Variables: Analytic functions, Cauchy’s integral theorem, Cauchy’s integral formula, Taylor series, Laurent series, Residue theorem, Solution integrals. Probability and Statistics: Sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean, Median, Mode, Standard Deviation, Random variables, Discrete and Continuous distributions, Poisson distribution, Normal distribution, Binomial distribution, Correlation analysis, Regression analysis.
GATE IN
Linear Algebra: Matrix algebra, systems of linear equations, consistency and rank, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, tensors. Calculus: Functions, limits, continuity; differentiation, differentiability, partial derivatives, maxima and minima, integration, multiple integrals, vector algebra, line, surface and volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Green’s theorems. Differential Equations: Ordinary differential equations, first order linear differential equations, second order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, method of variation of parameters, Cauchy’s and Euler’s equations, initial and boundary value problems, solution of partial differential equations: variable separable method. Analysis of Complex Variables: Analytic functions, Cauchy’s integral theorem and integral formula, Taylor’s and Laurent’s series, residue theorem, solution of integrals. Probability and Statistics: Random variables, discrete and continuous distributions: normal, Poisson and Binomial distributions. Sampling from distributions, conditional probability and Bayes' theorem, mean, median, mode, standard deviation and variance. Numerical Methods: Solution of matrix equations, solutions of non-linear algebraic equations, iterative methods for solving differential equations, numerical integration, regression and correlation analysis, backpropagation for neural networks.
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