STUDY MATERIAL · GATE EE · IN
GATE Electrical Measurements previous year questions and notes
Every Electrical and Electronic Measurements question from 13 GATE papers (2018–2026), solved step by step and checked against the organising institute’s official answer key — with notes for each topic, a formula sheet and practice questions.
- previous-year questions
- 43previous-year questions
- worked solutions, checked against the key
- 43worked solutions, checked against the key
- GATE papers, 2018–2026
- 13GATE papers, 2018–2026
- topics with notes
- 6topics with notes
TOPICS
Six topics, in the order they are taught
Cut from the official GATE 2027 syllabus. Each topic has notes, the formulas you need, every previous-year question on it with a checked solution, and practice questions.
- TOPIC 01
Units, standards, errors and uncertainty
This topic is the working language of every measurement question: how an instrument's steady-state performance is described, how errors are classified, how the guaranteed (limiting) error of each reading carries into a computed result, and how the scatter of repeated readings is reduced to a mean, a standard deviation and a stated uncertainty.
11 previous-year questions · 16 marks · 7 practice
- TOPIC 02
Bridges, potentiometers and the Q-meter
Bridges and potentiometers are null methods.
14 previous-year questions · 23 marks · 7 practice
- TOPIC 03
Measuring voltage, current, power, energy and power factor
A meter does not simply show "the voltage".
8 previous-year questions · 12 marks · 6 practice
- TOPIC 04
Instrument transformers
Instrument transformers, the current transformer (CT) and the potential or voltage transformer (PT), scale line currents and voltages down to standard instrument levels (commonly 5 A or 1 A, and 110 V) and isolate the instruments from the high-voltage circuit.
3 previous-year questions · 5 marks · 6 practice
- TOPIC 05
Digital voltmeters, multimeters and energy meters
A digital voltmeter converts an analog voltage into a count of clock pulses or code steps and shows it on a decimal display.
2 previous-year questions · 3 marks · 6 practice
- TOPIC 06
Time, phase and frequency measurement, oscilloscopes and spectrum analysers
Time, frequency and phase are measured by counting.
5 previous-year questions · 8 marks · 5 practice
WHERE THE QUESTIONS FALL
43 questions, by topic and year
Counts across the EE and IN papers of each year. A count of what was asked, not a forecast of what will be. The topic tags are IAE’s reading of each question, and every question links back to its paper.
| Topic | 2018 | 2020 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Errors & standards | 1 | 2 | 2 | · | 2 | 2 | 2 | 11 |
| Bridges | 2 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 14 |
| V, I, power & energy | 3 | · | · | 2 | 1 | 2 | · | 8 |
| Instrument transformers | · | 1 | · | · | 2 | · | · | 3 |
| Digital instruments | · | · | · | 1 | · | 1 | · | 2 |
| Time, frequency & scopes | 1 | 1 | · | · | · | 1 | 2 | 5 |
GATE EE question papers with solutions: 2026, 2025, 2024, 2022, 2020, 2018
GATE IN question papers with solutions: 2026, 2025, 2024, 2023, 2022, 2020, 2018
The 2019 and 2021 papers are not yet included: the copies we host are image scans that do not carry the official key, so no solution to them could be checked.
How we check solutions: editorial standards.
Electrical Measurements formulas by topic
Preparing in Kolkata? See IAE Academy’s GATE EE coaching and GATE IN coaching.
THE OFFICIAL SYLLABUS
What each paper lists under Electrical and Electronic Measurements
Verbatim from the GATE 2027 syllabus PDFs: EE Section 8, “Electrical and Electronic Measurements”, and IN Section 8, “Measurements”. EC's syllabus has no measurements section. Four wattmeter questions on three-phase circuits (IN 2020, 2022 and 2025; EE 2023) were filed under Networks, three-phase circuits, before this subject existed, and are not repeated here; EE 2018 Q.5, on the two-wattmeter method, is here.
GATE EE
Bridges and Potentiometers, Measurement of voltage, current, power, energy and power factor; Instrument transformers, Digital voltmeters and multi-meters, Phase, Time and Frequency measurement; Oscilloscopes, Error analysis.
GATE IN
SI units, standards of basic electrical quantities (R, L, C, voltage, current and frequency), systematic and random errors in measurement, expression of uncertainty, accuracy and precision, propagation of errors, linear and weighted regression; bridges: Wheatstone, Kelvin, Maxwell, Anderson, Schering and Wien bridges for measurement of R, L, C and frequency, typical applications of bridges, Q-meter; megohm measurement; measurement of voltage, current and power in DC, single and three phase AC circuits; contact and noncontact type AC and DC current and voltage probes; true rms meters, voltage and current scaling, instrument transformers, timer/counter, time, phase and frequency measurements, digital voltmeter, digital multimeter, digital energy meter, digital storage oscilloscope, spectrum analyzer.
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